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Denys III Rolle (1725–1797)
Denys III Rolle (1725–1797) of Hudscott, Beam, Stevenstone and Bicton in Devon and East Tytherley in Hampshire, was an independent〔Gentleman's Magazine, July 1797, p.617, Obituary of Denys Rolle〕 Member of Parliament for Barnstaple, Devon, between 1761 and 1774. He was the largest landowner in Devon, with a rent-roll of £40,000 ''per annum''.〔Gentleman's Magazine, July 1797, p.617, Obituary of Denys Rolle〕 He was a philanthropist and generous benefactor to charities and religious societies.〔Gentleman's Magazine, July 1797, p.617, Obituary of Denys Rolle〕 He was a modest man, considered eccentric, whose favourite pastime was to perform the work of a common farm-labourer.〔Gentleman's Magazine, July 1797, p.617, Obituary of Denys Rolle〕 He was puritanical in morals, opposing ale-houses, cockfighting and bear-baiting.〔Gentleman's Magazine, July 1797, p.617, Obituary of Denys Rolle〕 He was humane and tender towards animals and claimed a special kinship with wildlife.〔Gentleman's Magazine, July 1797, p.617, Obituary of Denys Rolle〕 He spent much of his life attempting to establish an "ideal society", a Utopian colony of poor, homeless or criminal English persons on about 80,000 acres in Florida named Rollestown or Charlotta. On the failure of that venture he turned to slave labour, and on the loss of Florida as a British possession moved his colony to a smaller site on Exuma in the Bahama Islands. He was deemed by many to be stubborn, high-handed, irascible, litigious, and a megalomaniac, even stupid, and lacking diplomatic skills.〔White〕
==Origins==
Denys Rolle was baptised on 19 July 1725 in St Giles's Church,〔(St Giles in the Wood Monumental Inscriptions )〕 St Giles in the Wood, the parish church of Stevenstone. He was the youngest of four sons of John Rolle (1679–1730), of Bicton and Stevenstone, Member of Parliament for Devon, 1710–1712, and Exeter, 1713–1715 and 1722–1727, by his wife Isabella Charlotte Walter (died 1734), daughter of Sir William Walter, 2nd Baronet (c. 1635–1694) of Sarsden, Oxfordshire. He was named after his cousin Denys I Rolle (1614–38), of Stevenstone, who had inherited Bicton and other lands from his mother Ann Denys, a co-heiress of the ancient Devon family of Denys of Holcombe Burnell. Denys III Rolle's family was descended from George II Rolle (died 1573), the 2nd son of the patriarch George I Rolle (died 1552), MP, who purchased Stevenstone. George II Rolle's family were seated at "Marrys", i.e. Marhayes Manor, Week St Mary, Cornwall, but eventually in 1647 his great-grandfather Sir John Rolle (1626–1706) inherited the estates of Stevenstone and Bicton from the senior line when it died out in the male line. The Rolle family was one of the richest and most powerful in Devon and owned several dozen manors, their most ancient holding being Stevenstone near Great Torrington in the north of the county, whilst Bicton in the south-east was the centre of another large block of territory. His eldest brother was Henry Rolle, 1st Baron Rolle (died 1759) of Stevenstone, whose heir was his next younger brother John Rolle Walter (c. 1714 – 1779), Tory MP for Exeter 1754–1776 and for Devon 1776–1779.
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